Harappa Civilization History - One of The Oldest Civilization Harappa By Umair Ahmad

Harappa is an ancient city of Pakistan whose ruins were found 15 km west of Sahiwal, 15 km west of Sahiwal in Punjab. The history of the city is estimated from the Rig Veda, a Hindu book written about 1,200 years before the birth of Jesus.

The name of a city in the Rig Veda is 'Hari Yupia' in Sanskrit it means 'the city with the golden star of sacrifice' experts agree. Including Wales and De Kosambi that Hari Yuppia is a Sanskrit name. However, his real name might be something else, maybe Hari Yupia or something else, and according to the Rig Veda, who had fought with the Aryan natives near that same Hari Yupia. The Rig Veda comes in. Andrami has mutilated the remains of Vrishku (or Varchukh) like pottery. It crushed the first row of one hundred and thirty armed men of the Wurkiwat (or Wurshi Winta or Wurkiwat) people. On which the rest fled.

It is located in 1921 that Rai Bahadur Diya Ram Sohni found some artifacts of ancient civilization at Harappa. This was reported to the Indian Department of Archeology. Sir John Marshall, the director general of the department, expressed interest and called attention to the digging of the Harappa. As a result, excavation work started under Rai Bahadur Diya Ram Sohani, Director Ernest McKay and other departmental directors. In 1931 work was stopped due to lack of funds. Later on, the excavation could not be done in full. The river Ravi, located at the site of ancient Harappa, is about six miles away. But when this city was inhabited, the Ravi would flow near it. Therefore, in the ancient times of the fort of Harappa, a large protective enclosure was erected with raw bricks and clay. Whenever there was a flood in Ravi, it used to guard the closed fort. The map and layout of the two cities, Harappa and Moin-Daru, are very similar. Although countless bricks were stolen from Harappa and used in new constructions, the Lahore Multan Railway line was used to pick up debris from here. Due to which the full form of the Harappa could not be exposed to the archaeologists. Yet all that is left is to prove that the general map of Harappa was similar to that of Mohunjodaro. The bottom of Harappa is known to be older than the first layer of Mohanjodaro and the last of it there. That is, in the later layers are found artefacts that are from the last days of Darius.

The fort is in the southwest and the lower city is in the east and south east. Between these two are the remains of a well-organized city. To the south of the fort is a hill and a cemetery. Called 'burial h'. 460 yards to the north and its present peak land slopes from north to south, and its highest point is a modern cemetery. Which could not be excavated. All these high places are 45 feet to 50 feet above ground level. The buildings inside the fort were built twenty to twenty-five feet high. The pavement was made of clay and raw brick and had very thick protective backs around it. A short space has been lost in this backyard. Below it are found some fragments of pots. Which means there must have been a human population nearby. Some utensils are similar to the surface of Rana Ghandai. This is the first population of the village people. These vessels were painted red. Then it is painted black. Then in the second period the castle makes a great decision and with it a protective backdrop. Which is filled with brick mounds and mud. The back is about 35 feet wide at the base and sloping ascending. The original wall is made of solid brick inside and out and is filled with raw brick in the middle. The total thickness of this wall is forty feet and the height is 35 feet. The solid brick wall outside the wall is four feet thick. There are protective towers at a short distance in the castle wall. Which are raised high above the wall. The original gate of the fort was on the north side. One of the thieves was on the west side. Next to it was a protective tower. If you enter through this door, there are several doors inside. Inside are pillows and pans, and next to them are guard rooms. The thief entered the fort through a secret passage at the southern tip of the gate's labyrinth. The use of stairs was common in Harappa. The construction of the fort shows that it was not built for the first time. In fact, there are at least three stages to its construction. For the first time the fort was built of brick bricks and no impact is known on the attack. But only seasonal effects are observed. The second construction was made of solid, solid brick. This time the architecture is better than ever. In the third building, heavy backs are placed around the wall, and the fort becomes a magnificent fort. This means that the prosperity of the rulers has increased tremendously. Secondly, the need to protect the public against and against other invaders is increasing.

I explain some things and places found from one of the world oldest civilization Harappa. Harappa is one of the oldest civilization and today we are not complete dig its land.

On the north side of the fort a twenty feet high and 300 yards wide ditch has been excavated. Important buildings were recovered from beneath it. Near the fort, two rows of military barracks-style buildings are gone. There are seven houses in a row and eight in another. In front of each house are the left and right lanes. Nowhere are the two house walls together. The size of each house is 52 * 24 feet. Each house consisted of one room. Each street was three to four feet wide. The entrance to each house was oblique and secret. This population is highly organized and is a regular city in Anatomy which is highly organized. The range level is unique and noticeable. Of course, this government has created the throne of government planning. These barracks are considered as slaves' homes. When these slave houses were buried in the mud, sixteen kilns were erected on the new land. They were pear shaped. Their length ranged from three feet four inches to six feet two inches, and cow dung and wood coals were used to burn them, and air was used to burn them. A scaffold has been found near these kilns. Which has bronze melting effects.

Five rows of rounded domes have gone north beyond the slave house. They are made of solid brick, measuring eleven to eleven feet in diameter. There is a vacancy in the center. In this vacant lot there were large wooden piles pressed. In which were the pistols, which were coated with large pieces of wooden insulation. Seventeen keys were initially discovered. In 1946 another excavation was excavated. Further excavations can be expected to result in more mines. In one of them were found straw bales and one with burnt wheat flags, which indicate that the mules and mussels used to harvest and grind wheat. These keys are known to the manufacturer ... This is a big government floor mill ... In which slaves were employed in labor. The bricks of some of the saws are clearly visible. Which proves that here the naked slave was standing and cutting grain.

Beyond these wheels is a large grain house. There are two rows of buildings with a solid chain of grain warehouses. It is a prominent building in Harappa. The first is a four-foot-high earthen pavilion on the ground floor. On top of this are all warehouses. The size of each warehouse is 50 * 20 feet and two rows of six warehouses have been created in parallel. The median distance of these rows is 23 feet. This grain house was located on the bank of the river and its entry point was towards the river. Which means that the wheat was collected from different villages and brought to the river by the river and then to other areas by the river. Inside each warehouse there was a double floor, built on the walls of the sleepers. The goal was to have a sleeper. That the wind passed through the bottom of the warehouse. So that the grain is protected from moisture. There used to be a wall of three sleepers. The inner entry way into these warehouses used to pass through the inner passageway. The same area as Moen, which was of the grain house of Dardo. The quarters of the slaves near the fort and the keys nearby are proof that there was a slavery system. The slaves here were pleased with the forced life. It also appears that this was the largest grain of the kingdom. The government must have controlled the distribution, not the least of which. Government employees will also be officers. The secretary and the laborer. Such cereal houses are located inside the fort in Mohenjodaro. Since the coin was not yet invented. Therefore, this grain house should be considered as public treasure and the salaries of public servants should be paid with the same grain. A similar practice was practiced in Mesopotamia.

Harappa has also found relatively small antiquity seals, ranging from 1.07 to 1.36 inches in length. Width 1.02 to 1.06 thickness 1.05 to 1.13 inches. They do not have animal pictures or markings, or they appear to be fish or fish. They don't even have holes.